The Chip Race Heats Up: From 3nm to 1nm

The need for ever-more powerful processors is driving innovation in chip manufacturing.  Following the introduction of 3nm chips, foundries like TSMC, Samsung, and Rapidus are now locked in a fierce competition to develop and mass-produce 2nm chips.

2nm by 2025: A Three-Horse Race

• TSMC leads the pack, aiming for 2nm production in 2025 using a new transistor design (GAAFET) that promises significant performance and efficiency gains.
  Samsung is close behind, targeting late 2025 for their 2nm process. They've already begun discussions with potential customers.
  Japan's Rapidus is also aiming for 2nm trial production in 2025, with mass production by 2027. Their efforts are being bolstered by technical support from ASML, a key player in chip making equipment.

Beyond 2nm: The Quest for 1nm

The industry isn't stopping at 2nm. Chipmakers are already setting their sights on 1nm technology. While mass production isn't expected before 2027-2030, research and development efforts are underway.

 

 

 

Collaboration is Key

Japanese chipmaker Rapidus is leading the charge in 1nm research, collaborating with both academic institutions like Tokyo University and research organizations like Leti (France).  Their goal is to establish a robust supply chain for 1nm chips, which are expected to be crucial for advancements in AI and autonomous vehicles.  Additionally, collaborations with IBM for 1nm products are also being explored.

TSMC and Samsung Join the Fray

TSMC, despite initial setbacks, is still committed to developing 1nm technology. Samsung also has its sights set on 1nm, aiming for a 1.4nm process by 2027. Their approach involves using more nanosheets per transistor, leading to better power management and performance.